I read your essay in full and must say you have excellent writing skills. I couldn't find any mistake in the whole essay. However, I make a few comments below thinking they would help you further improve this, but what you've written already is excellent. :)
These teachers played an essential role in shaping the mindset of young Germans .
These prejudiced teachers had nurtured generations of xenophobic Germans who enlisted or took part in condemning the existence of the Jews in one way or anotherwhen they grew up.
... this is fine, but I suggest "as" in place of "when" because they grew carrying hatred within them.
If the teachings of these teachers had been questioned, there would have been considerably less unfounded hatred towards to Jews.
.... you use the words of "teacher"and "teaching" frequently within close intervals. So I suggest the following for this line;
If these teachers had been questioned for their act of passing such unethical and damaging message, there would have not been so much hatred towards Jews.Also I'm going to make your essay a FEATURED one so that more people read this and provide you with comments. I think it is worth for the other members also to read your essay. :)