Actually, the overall essay is very strong. You could tweak a few things, I suppose:
It was a particularly brutal attack she experienced on the night that led to the arrest and present incarceration of her son's father and a pertinent culmination of their ten years together.
The "it was" is weak, and "pertinent," although not nonsensical, seems the wrong word tone-wise.
Glancing over at the miniature person sleeping beside her
"miniature person" = "baby." Unless of course you were being attended by sprite as a nurse.
I exploited the full range of my innate attributes as well as developed new skills in order to work through the most difficult challenges I had ever faced. Along the way I rediscovered the joy and beauty of this world that had been viciously snatched away from my life.
Which attributes, specifically? What skills? What joy? Prefer the specific to the general.
The cards were swiftly stacked against me. I was diagnosed with severe depression and post traumatic stress disorder, but opted out of prescription medication because I was my son's sole caretaker and provider.
This part is a bit jarring. In theory, there is nothing wrong with any of this, and the reader should be very sympathetic. In practice, a lot of people are going to hear "I'm a crazy person who's off her meds, and who in fact refused to go on them." Since you don't explore this aspect of your experience in detail anyway, you might want to omit it and talk directly about how you found a support group to help you through a difficult time in your life. There's no point in risking triggering common biases in your reader if you don't have to.
Although I gained invaluable insight within the actual discussions and interactions of the group,
What insight? Again, prefer the specific to the general.
When the grades were released, I knew I had passed a formidable test of perseverance.
If your grades were solid enough to easily support a university application, you should say so here. Otherwise, leave it as is.