The discovery of cells in 1665 brought a huge development in science and also led to another striking discovery: copying cells; in other words, cloning. It did not take a long time for scientists to understand that same qualified organisms could be created by using and copying cells. After the first successful mammal cloning, Dolly the sheep in 1997, science world was proud, but not satisfied yet. Curiosity and enthusiasm manipulated scientists to reach the climax of the cloning history with an astonishing and risky discovery: the first successful stem cell cloning in 2013 which declares the possibility of human cloning. On one hand, supporters think human cloning is like a miracle and a masterpiece of science. On the other hand, considering the cons of human cloning, opponents think human cloning should be illegitimate; hence, it is illegal in countries such as Canada, India, Romania, Germany, Serbia, USA, and Australia. Human cloning should remain illegal because of ethical, economic, social and health reasons.
To begin with, human cloning should be considered illegal because human cloning is against ethics due to religion conflict, possibility of excluding cloned humans and usage for evil aims. Initially, according to majority of religions, reproducing offspring within unnatural ways means to intervene in the God's business; in other words, to rebel against the God. To demonstrate, considering the belief that the God created the human beings and is the only one who can create human beings, it is completely unacceptable and unethical to clone humans. Secondly, cloned humans would be excluded from the society and exposed to a strict discrimination which causes a global chaos in the world. For instance, according to "Cloning" by Stanford University, as Deech points out, "clones may be the victims of unjustified discrimination and will not be respected as persons" (1999; Levick, 2004, 185-187). Thirdly, human cloning can be used for evil aims because of cloned humans' naive minds that can be manipulated by malicious people and cloned humans' physical power that can be used in favor of evil goals such as creating a strong army. For example, if human cloning had been possible in past, wicked leaders like Adolf Hitler could have created a cloned army which can devastate the world. Therefore, cloned humans can be used for evil aims even if they serve on brutal goals inadvertently. In brief, human cloning should not be legal because cloning humans violates ethics as it creates a conflict among religion and science, creates an opportunity for cruel aims and leads to exclusion against clones.
Furthermore, human cloning has also negative influences in economy because of its high expense and population increase; therefore, human cloning should remain forbidden. To talk about human cloning's expense, the operation of human cloning necessitates an enormous fund which cannot be afforded owing to high cost of hospital, equipment, professional doctors and cells. As an illustration, under today's circumstances, while some people cannot even access to dispensaries due to financial problems, approving human cloning's charge is inadmissible. Moreover, human cloning mounts up the population of the world with artificial human beings and this situation causes natural sources to run out and it also speeds up the global warming. Firstly, more people requires and consumes more natural sources. Even today, people endeavor to use less natural sources such as petrol, natural gas, coal. However, if population scales up due to cloned humans, it becomes impossible to save the natural sources. Accordingly, overpopulated world gives out more carbon dioxide and consumes more energy; for this reason, global warming accelerates and becomes a fatal problem for the entire world. According to Stafford and Mannor, "human cloning runs out the resources of the overpopulated planet" (Cloning). Ultimately, human cloning can affect the world negatively in financial ways because of its high cost and the population increase; thus, abolition is the right decision against human cloning.
In addition, abolishing human cloning is a sensible idea due to its negative influences in social life: lessening the physical variety, damaging genetic and social relationships among family members. First and foremost, as cloning means to create genetically same organisms by copying stem cells, cloned humans possess the same genes with its genetic twin. Therefore, the physical appearance remains same and human cloning ruins physical variety. Likewise it is included in Time Magazine's cover, "Human Cloning: Baby, It's You! And You, And You..." (Gibs, Nancy, "Human Cloning", February 19 2001). Correspondingly, human cloning damages genetic relationships because cloned humans have genetic bond only with its identical twin. For example, a clone of a natural baby does not have genetic relationships with the natural baby's genetic parents. To clarify, genetic bonds, one of the most momentous issues in today's science, get ruined as clones does not have genetic bonds with anybody else except its identical twin. Moreover, social relationships within the family can be devastated by human cloning because of the consideration that clones unearth: adoptive children or individual. The President's Council of Bioethics highlighted that "the cloning family differs from the "natural family" or the "adoptive family" ("Human Cloning and Human Dignity: An Ethical Inquiry", July 2002). That explains the fact that clones would not be conscious enough in regard to vision towards the world; thus, they cannot maintain the social relationships easily. Overall, human cloning should be kept banned because of the human cloning's negative influences in social life such as deterioration in physical variety, genetic and social relationships between family members.
Besides, with regard to health, human cloning has a high risk of death and abnormality; hence, human cloning should stay illegitimate. To start with, "the failure rate of cloning is approximately %97 - %99.9" (Learn.Genetics, "What are the Risks of Cloning?") and majority of this failure consists of death. To make it clear, since the scientists has been carrying out the experiments on human cloning, they have not insured that the science world can accomplish human cloning without any mistake. Bearing in mind the failure rate, the death risk of the human cloning eases to reach the accurate judgment: Cloning humans is not worth humans' lives. Furthermore, the other part of failure comprises of abnormalities that are caused by genetic defects. To clear it up, recognizing how dreadful and painful abnormalities are, scientist should not take the risk of genetic disorders by undertaking the human cloning issue. In a nutshell, cloning humans should be considered illegitimate because human cloning carries health problems such as the mortality and abnormality risk.
As a whole, human cloning should remain illegal due to ethical, financial, social and health causes. Even if it is one of the most interesting achievements of science, hazards of human cloning makes it essential not to legitimize human cloning as it is already prohibited in a host of countries. Additionally, debates about human cloning's legality still continues and also generates a great chaos in the science world. Nevertheless, Greg Jaffe's quote concludes the controversy of human cloning: "One of the issues I've had all along with cloning is that just because we can do something scientifically doesn't mean we should do it."
To begin with, human cloning should be considered illegal because human cloning is against ethics due to religion conflict, possibility of excluding cloned humans and usage for evil aims. Initially, according to majority of religions, reproducing offspring within unnatural ways means to intervene in the God's business; in other words, to rebel against the God. To demonstrate, considering the belief that the God created the human beings and is the only one who can create human beings, it is completely unacceptable and unethical to clone humans. Secondly, cloned humans would be excluded from the society and exposed to a strict discrimination which causes a global chaos in the world. For instance, according to "Cloning" by Stanford University, as Deech points out, "clones may be the victims of unjustified discrimination and will not be respected as persons" (1999; Levick, 2004, 185-187). Thirdly, human cloning can be used for evil aims because of cloned humans' naive minds that can be manipulated by malicious people and cloned humans' physical power that can be used in favor of evil goals such as creating a strong army. For example, if human cloning had been possible in past, wicked leaders like Adolf Hitler could have created a cloned army which can devastate the world. Therefore, cloned humans can be used for evil aims even if they serve on brutal goals inadvertently. In brief, human cloning should not be legal because cloning humans violates ethics as it creates a conflict among religion and science, creates an opportunity for cruel aims and leads to exclusion against clones.
Furthermore, human cloning has also negative influences in economy because of its high expense and population increase; therefore, human cloning should remain forbidden. To talk about human cloning's expense, the operation of human cloning necessitates an enormous fund which cannot be afforded owing to high cost of hospital, equipment, professional doctors and cells. As an illustration, under today's circumstances, while some people cannot even access to dispensaries due to financial problems, approving human cloning's charge is inadmissible. Moreover, human cloning mounts up the population of the world with artificial human beings and this situation causes natural sources to run out and it also speeds up the global warming. Firstly, more people requires and consumes more natural sources. Even today, people endeavor to use less natural sources such as petrol, natural gas, coal. However, if population scales up due to cloned humans, it becomes impossible to save the natural sources. Accordingly, overpopulated world gives out more carbon dioxide and consumes more energy; for this reason, global warming accelerates and becomes a fatal problem for the entire world. According to Stafford and Mannor, "human cloning runs out the resources of the overpopulated planet" (Cloning). Ultimately, human cloning can affect the world negatively in financial ways because of its high cost and the population increase; thus, abolition is the right decision against human cloning.
In addition, abolishing human cloning is a sensible idea due to its negative influences in social life: lessening the physical variety, damaging genetic and social relationships among family members. First and foremost, as cloning means to create genetically same organisms by copying stem cells, cloned humans possess the same genes with its genetic twin. Therefore, the physical appearance remains same and human cloning ruins physical variety. Likewise it is included in Time Magazine's cover, "Human Cloning: Baby, It's You! And You, And You..." (Gibs, Nancy, "Human Cloning", February 19 2001). Correspondingly, human cloning damages genetic relationships because cloned humans have genetic bond only with its identical twin. For example, a clone of a natural baby does not have genetic relationships with the natural baby's genetic parents. To clarify, genetic bonds, one of the most momentous issues in today's science, get ruined as clones does not have genetic bonds with anybody else except its identical twin. Moreover, social relationships within the family can be devastated by human cloning because of the consideration that clones unearth: adoptive children or individual. The President's Council of Bioethics highlighted that "the cloning family differs from the "natural family" or the "adoptive family" ("Human Cloning and Human Dignity: An Ethical Inquiry", July 2002). That explains the fact that clones would not be conscious enough in regard to vision towards the world; thus, they cannot maintain the social relationships easily. Overall, human cloning should be kept banned because of the human cloning's negative influences in social life such as deterioration in physical variety, genetic and social relationships between family members.
Besides, with regard to health, human cloning has a high risk of death and abnormality; hence, human cloning should stay illegitimate. To start with, "the failure rate of cloning is approximately %97 - %99.9" (Learn.Genetics, "What are the Risks of Cloning?") and majority of this failure consists of death. To make it clear, since the scientists has been carrying out the experiments on human cloning, they have not insured that the science world can accomplish human cloning without any mistake. Bearing in mind the failure rate, the death risk of the human cloning eases to reach the accurate judgment: Cloning humans is not worth humans' lives. Furthermore, the other part of failure comprises of abnormalities that are caused by genetic defects. To clear it up, recognizing how dreadful and painful abnormalities are, scientist should not take the risk of genetic disorders by undertaking the human cloning issue. In a nutshell, cloning humans should be considered illegitimate because human cloning carries health problems such as the mortality and abnormality risk.
As a whole, human cloning should remain illegal due to ethical, financial, social and health causes. Even if it is one of the most interesting achievements of science, hazards of human cloning makes it essential not to legitimize human cloning as it is already prohibited in a host of countries. Additionally, debates about human cloning's legality still continues and also generates a great chaos in the science world. Nevertheless, Greg Jaffe's quote concludes the controversy of human cloning: "One of the issues I've had all along with cloning is that just because we can do something scientifically doesn't mean we should do it."