Writing Feedback / "Yes Scotland" - The Scottish Referendum [4]

Yes Scotland
For over centuries, people have been governed by monarchs. However, with the development of a critical thinking and questioning the authority, the notion of independence emerged. In connection with this, if the Scottish Referendum passes, Scotland will gain a once in a lifetime opportunity to build a completely independent and prosperous Scotland. Therefore, the Scottish Referendum should pass because of economic and social reasons.

To begin with, because Scotland's huge economic potential will be unleashed, Scotland should be an independent country. First and foremost, provided that the UK loses its benefits on the Scottish oil and gas reserves, and Scotland becomes the only owner of the reserves, it is palpable that Scotland can enhance its economic status. To exemplify, bearing in mind the yield of the reserves, Scotland's GDP increases; hence, the Scottish economy reaches its zenith. Furthermore, recognizing the impact of agriculture, construction, science, tourism, food and drink industries on the Scottish economy, independent Scotland does not only manage to survive without UK, but also takes its place on the world's richest countries list. In brief, a yes vote is the right decision when the economic potential of Scotland is considered.

Additionally, social factors can be regarded as compelling reasons to vote yes. Primarily, with the validation of the critical metamorphosis, Scotland will keep the university tuition fees free so that the new generations can form and maintain a well-developed society. For instance, even though education is an integral part of developed countries, a particular number of teenagers lack education as they are unable to afford it. Thus, by making universities free, Scotland aims to reassure the society with regard to education. Secondly, independent Scotland vows to assist families in terms of childcare. Thanks to the financial and comprehensive aid, not only the society's wealth and welfare develops, but also a well brought up generation and its indisputable benefits shows up in the future. Ultimately, the Scottish Referendum should pass owing to social causes.

In a nutshell, Scotland should become an independent country due to economic and social causes. Since the referendum is considered to be on a knife edge after David Cameron's and UK's affectation, apart from economic and social outcomes, longing for the independence changes the balance in favor of independence supporters. Again, there might be no turning point, but a bright future for Scotland.

Writing Feedback / "death is inevitable - everybody dies" - Soma Mine Disaster [3]

Regardless of the counted years, death is inevitable; in other words, everybody dies. Though, death appears for a special purpose, such as health problems, accidents or cruelty, but not destiny. After the sorrowful mine disaster in Soma, finding logical reasons for 301 people's deaths has become indispensable for the Turkish government. However, the state claimed that the destiny led to Soma mine disaster, which was completely inaccurate and unsatisfactory. As the government has become unreliable, opponents questioned the problem and found out the actual causes: Soma mine disaster has happened due to economic and political goals in favor of the government and the companies and ignorance of human rights.

To begin with, economic aims caused to Soma mine disaster due to capitalism, allowing illegal workers and extra coal policy. Initially, as long as capitalism is applied, the disastrous race between companies, including Soma Holding keeps existing. For example, in order to beat each other, firms regard fraud and cruel attitudes as a useful policy; hence, the race never ends despite the devastating consequences. Accordingly, considering the urgent job needs of poor people, companies employ illegal workers to make a profit, which does not provide security for these workers. Thus, after an accident, illegal workers end up in wretched conditions as they cannot benefit from legal rights or any insurance. Moreover, as a result of the race, the policy of mining extra coal occurred and ordered to mine more coal than it is needed. Therefore, required attention to safety became overshadowed and neglected. In a nutshell, Soma mine disaster happened because of economic goals such as applying capitalism, illegal labor and extra coal policy.

Furthermore, the Turkish government's political aims also triggered Soma mine disaster. First of all, because the government needs poor individuals' votes to remain in power, poor families are provided coal for free. As an illustration, the state uses the principle of "you scratch my back and I will scratch yours" by supplying free coal, but nothing else. Thus, the coal policy applied to win elections increases the danger risk that can befall the mine labors because it demands to mine a torrent of coal. In the same way, the government's aims about showing off and seeming sympathetic by free distribution policy do not only manipulate people's feelings, but also cause risks against the miners. For instance, plenty of people are deceived owing to free coal distribution without considering the drawbacks of this issue in terms of mines. To clarify, in order to impress people, the state endangers miners' lives by necessitating to mine excessive amount of coal. Ultimately, political aims of the Turkish government have an effect on Soma mine disaster.

Additionally, ignorance of human rights impacted Soma mine disaster, too. Primarily, the companies use child labor to make a profit on employee expenses. To exemplify, as children are weaker in the perspective of employers, they require less wage, attention and money; hence, they prefer to make children work, which is completely against human rights. Secondly, whether it is commended by the government or chiefs or the company, miners are overworked no matter how old they are. Then, this workload gradually overwhelms the miners and leads to troubles, such as an extreme death rate in Soma mine disaster. Besides, the labors are forced to languish in miserable conditions. For example, during the disaster, miners were given the gas masks, but neither was it taught how to use the masks nor the masks were useful due to the clay on the surface of the gas masks, according to one of the survivors. To demonstrate, miners are exposed to struggle in pitiful conditions even though it is unacceptable. In brief, violence of the human rights triggered Soma mine disaster.

Overall, the government's and the institutions' economic and political goals and human rights abuse caused Soma mine disaster. Although the government rejects the actual reasons for 301 people's deaths, there is no doubt that the state is a cause itself. From the survivors to journalists, the government is in charge of 301 dead bodies and comprehensive mourning. In addition, nobody can drop the subject by displaying reckless attitudes and irrational excuses. Again, there is no destiny, but logic and conscience.

Writing Feedback / Human cloning should remain banned. [5]

The discovery of cells in 1665 brought a huge development in science and also led to another striking discovery: copying cells; in other words, cloning. It did not take a long time for scientists to understand that same qualified organisms could be created by using and copying cells. After the first successful mammal cloning, Dolly the sheep in 1997, science world was proud, but not satisfied yet. Curiosity and enthusiasm manipulated scientists to reach the climax of the cloning history with an astonishing and risky discovery: the first successful stem cell cloning in 2013 which declares the possibility of human cloning. On one hand, supporters think human cloning is like a miracle and a masterpiece of science. On the other hand, considering the cons of human cloning, opponents think human cloning should be illegitimate; hence, it is illegal in countries such as Canada, India, Romania, Germany, Serbia, USA, and Australia. Human cloning should remain illegal because of ethical, economic, social and health reasons.

To begin with, human cloning should be considered illegal because human cloning is against ethics due to religion conflict, possibility of excluding cloned humans and usage for evil aims. Initially, according to majority of religions, reproducing offspring within unnatural ways means to intervene in the God's business; in other words, to rebel against the God. To demonstrate, considering the belief that the God created the human beings and is the only one who can create human beings, it is completely unacceptable and unethical to clone humans. Secondly, cloned humans would be excluded from the society and exposed to a strict discrimination which causes a global chaos in the world. For instance, according to "Cloning" by Stanford University, as Deech points out, "clones may be the victims of unjustified discrimination and will not be respected as persons" (1999; Levick, 2004, 185-187). Thirdly, human cloning can be used for evil aims because of cloned humans' naive minds that can be manipulated by malicious people and cloned humans' physical power that can be used in favor of evil goals such as creating a strong army. For example, if human cloning had been possible in past, wicked leaders like Adolf Hitler could have created a cloned army which can devastate the world. Therefore, cloned humans can be used for evil aims even if they serve on brutal goals inadvertently. In brief, human cloning should not be legal because cloning humans violates ethics as it creates a conflict among religion and science, creates an opportunity for cruel aims and leads to exclusion against clones.

Furthermore, human cloning has also negative influences in economy because of its high expense and population increase; therefore, human cloning should remain forbidden. To talk about human cloning's expense, the operation of human cloning necessitates an enormous fund which cannot be afforded owing to high cost of hospital, equipment, professional doctors and cells. As an illustration, under today's circumstances, while some people cannot even access to dispensaries due to financial problems, approving human cloning's charge is inadmissible. Moreover, human cloning mounts up the population of the world with artificial human beings and this situation causes natural sources to run out and it also speeds up the global warming. Firstly, more people requires and consumes more natural sources. Even today, people endeavor to use less natural sources such as petrol, natural gas, coal. However, if population scales up due to cloned humans, it becomes impossible to save the natural sources. Accordingly, overpopulated world gives out more carbon dioxide and consumes more energy; for this reason, global warming accelerates and becomes a fatal problem for the entire world. According to Stafford and Mannor, "human cloning runs out the resources of the overpopulated planet" (Cloning). Ultimately, human cloning can affect the world negatively in financial ways because of its high cost and the population increase; thus, abolition is the right decision against human cloning.

In addition, abolishing human cloning is a sensible idea due to its negative influences in social life: lessening the physical variety, damaging genetic and social relationships among family members. First and foremost, as cloning means to create genetically same organisms by copying stem cells, cloned humans possess the same genes with its genetic twin. Therefore, the physical appearance remains same and human cloning ruins physical variety. Likewise it is included in Time Magazine's cover, "Human Cloning: Baby, It's You! And You, And You..." (Gibs, Nancy, "Human Cloning", February 19 2001). Correspondingly, human cloning damages genetic relationships because cloned humans have genetic bond only with its identical twin. For example, a clone of a natural baby does not have genetic relationships with the natural baby's genetic parents. To clarify, genetic bonds, one of the most momentous issues in today's science, get ruined as clones does not have genetic bonds with anybody else except its identical twin. Moreover, social relationships within the family can be devastated by human cloning because of the consideration that clones unearth: adoptive children or individual. The President's Council of Bioethics highlighted that "the cloning family differs from the "natural family" or the "adoptive family" ("Human Cloning and Human Dignity: An Ethical Inquiry", July 2002). That explains the fact that clones would not be conscious enough in regard to vision towards the world; thus, they cannot maintain the social relationships easily. Overall, human cloning should be kept banned because of the human cloning's negative influences in social life such as deterioration in physical variety, genetic and social relationships between family members.

Besides, with regard to health, human cloning has a high risk of death and abnormality; hence, human cloning should stay illegitimate. To start with, "the failure rate of cloning is approximately %97 - %99.9" (Learn.Genetics, "What are the Risks of Cloning?") and majority of this failure consists of death. To make it clear, since the scientists has been carrying out the experiments on human cloning, they have not insured that the science world can accomplish human cloning without any mistake. Bearing in mind the failure rate, the death risk of the human cloning eases to reach the accurate judgment: Cloning humans is not worth humans' lives. Furthermore, the other part of failure comprises of abnormalities that are caused by genetic defects. To clear it up, recognizing how dreadful and painful abnormalities are, scientist should not take the risk of genetic disorders by undertaking the human cloning issue. In a nutshell, cloning humans should be considered illegitimate because human cloning carries health problems such as the mortality and abnormality risk.

As a whole, human cloning should remain illegal due to ethical, financial, social and health causes. Even if it is one of the most interesting achievements of science, hazards of human cloning makes it essential not to legitimize human cloning as it is already prohibited in a host of countries. Additionally, debates about human cloning's legality still continues and also generates a great chaos in the science world. Nevertheless, Greg Jaffe's quote concludes the controversy of human cloning: "One of the issues I've had all along with cloning is that just because we can do something scientifically doesn't mean we should do it."