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Posts by start208 [Suspended]
Joined: Apr 21, 2011
Last Post: Aug 14, 2011
Threads: 14
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From: Monaco

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start208   
Aug 13, 2011
Writing Feedback / Censorship! - prohibiting people from their own rights [3]

Hello; please read and correct my essay. thanks

Getting access to information and using communication media is every citizen's right, unless they use it for destruction's aims. However, sometimes, this right is taken by the government for no good reasons except the fact that it threatens their political future. Censorship is a means to deprive people of their rights to acquire knowledge from various sources which people trust more than the government's ones. The objective of this essay is to cast light on the bad effects of sensorship economically, socoielly and politically.

Socially speaking, censorship prohibits people from the freedom of speech and that of access to information. Books, articals, television shows and radio broadcastings are perspectives of people who want to share something with their society. They convey ideas and speak them loud throughout these medias. But once these ideas are altered, that means a violation of the freedom of speech for the editors and that of citizens who would like to read watch or hear these things. This prohibition turns people less confident in the information they get because they are altred and leads to political undesired consequences.

The act of censoring has bad effects on the country's political situations. It is not only citizens who feel lack of trust towards their leaders, but also the international organizations which controbute to the development of countries. The overuse of censorship would urge these organizations to decide not to work in and with the countries in question. Moreover, other nations would not want to cooperate and may stop the relationships between them and the states exercising censorship. Therefore, the governments which overuses censorship loses political support and citizens' confidence.

Applaying censorship most of the time costs lot to the country. First, it needs a team of specialised staff who need to be paid for the extra work they do during tensions. What is worse is that people do not always accept censorsring them without violent reactions which cause severe loss. For example, people are likely to demonstrate and riots may begin, and outrage protesters may fire cars and buildings causing huge destruction. Consequently, the country's economy will badly affected.

To conclue, I belive that prohibiting people from their own rights brings undesired effects to the whole society. I understand the fact that there are some people who may be offended with some views and ideas brought by some writes and artists, be it foul language or nudity. Yet, it would be simpler and more beneficial to inform those people to avoid what they don't want to hear, see or read than to deprive the whole society of enjoying what they like and may b beneficial.

Ladib
start208   
Aug 12, 2011
Writing Feedback / Why do we need to study other cultures? [5]

dumi
thanks lot De Silva.
ur suggetion gives a good idea abt how to shape a good introductory paragraph.
May u please spend little time correcting the rest of mu essay. thanks in advance
start208   
Aug 11, 2011
Writing Feedback / Why do we need to study other cultures? [5]

Please read and correct this essay. thanks.
Admittedly, throughout the history , cultural differences lead to misunderstanding , lack of respect and conflicts between countries. Studying cross culturals enables to benefit from other experiences and helps in developing a sense of mutual understanding. In today's world it is necessary to study other cultures in order to minimize differences, creat harmony between societies, benefit from each other and avoid coflicts. The main goal of this essay is to illuminate some good aspects of culutral studies.

To begin with, the necessity of cross cultural studies comes from the fact that there is no inferior culture. All cultures have some positive sides that can be beneficial for all Mankind. For example, special foods and drinks in some societies are proved to be healthy but not known elsewhere. Another example is some traditional sports which are very exciting but they exist merely in a few countries. If these games studied and given chance to played in other ountries, there will be competitions between teams in different countries and that may lead to positive relations between various nations . By studying other cultures, nations benefit from each other and be closer to one another.

When we know about other societies and understand their cultures, there is likelyhood to minimize the conflicts and maximise cooperation. The conflicts most of the times stem from misunderstanding of others' behaviours and even speeches which are resulted from different cultures. Being informed about others' cultures allows good understanding and consequently strengthens relations between nations. It also helps maintaining peace and love between states regardless of their origins, religions and languages. By studying others' culture we will certainly respect them and work together with them for the benefits of all.

Undoubtedly, when we undeerstand others we can establish good relations and be able to prompt economy and other domains. There will be more multinational firms which will work in different societies with various cultures and custmors. However, Unless the decision makers of these companies are trained and have knowledge about other nations' cultures, their business will not succeed. An entreprise which is established in an african state will not get good results unless its responsibles have knowlege about african clients' needs which are shaped by their culture ; hence, they have to know about that culture.

To conclude, cross cultural studies are very crucial to maintain better relations between nations and to enrich universal culture. The decision makers should, therefore, think of several measures to enable sudents know about other cultures in order to respect them and benefit from its advantages.

Ladib
start208   
Aug 9, 2011
Writing Feedback / Do sorrows take much of our life? do we live to suffer? [NEW]

do we live to suffer?
In every day life, people enjoy some exciting things and live some happy moments, meeting their beloved ones, eating food they like, visiting places they admire and so on. However, these moments are short and sometimes turned to be sorrows and difficulties. If we add to this the hurdles people confront in daily activities, we will end up saying that people live to suffer more than to be hppy.

We all start our life crying and sobbing which is, in my perspective, a sign of the miserable time to come. In order to live, people need to work physically and mentally. working, though some don't agree, is suffering and stresses that make us unhappy and sometimes sick. Every body needs to do something to earn his living and that means every body should suffer in this life. We suffer to get things we love. We work to have money, to afford a house and a car. to study or to teach our kids in good schools. These are some of the objectives people work for. Yet, even if one is provided with all what they need they just will feel not as happy as they wishe and sometimes these things turn to be reasons for restless and sorrows again.

It is almost impossible to satisfy people's hunger for happiness. Several people among the elite commit suicides because they are unhappy. Most of the rich suffer from diseases and are unable to live happily even though they are wealthy. Some of them are healthy but being childless makes them unhappy. Forshort, money doesn't bring happiness but being poor is worse.

Among the fewest happy moments people have are the ones when they are with their beloved ones. Being with, a wife, a child , parents or friends makes people feel very exciting. Yet again, no sooner that these people desert us by death, an enemy of happines. Hence, we recall those beautiful moments and we cry. Remembering those happy days worsens our situation and makes us suffer.

To wrap it up, i believe that there is almost nothing that can bring an ever lasting happiness for people in this world. People are here straggling to survive and suffer untill death rests them.

ladib
start208   
Aug 9, 2011
Writing Feedback / living in a foriegn country can not be better than your own.discuss [3]

Hello every one ; here is an essay to be corrected . thanks

working abroad as a problem solution and opportunity



Numerous reasons stand behind the phenomenon of deserting one's country to live abroad, in a different culture and standards of living which are not easy to cope with. Several problems raised and make the drawbacks of immigration outweigh its advantages. The core aim of this essay is to show why many people living outside their countries long to return to thier nations and how living in one's country is much better than being a foriegner.

Even though there are other reasons, financial problems are the most important cause of immigration. Thousands of people think the solution for financial troubles they have is looking for a job in another country where they can find a well paid work which will enable them to gather money and come back to their states to live in luxury far from economical constraints. However, the realities they face when leaving their countries make them suffer more and sometimes regretting their choices.

The choice of living a broad is not most of the time a good choice, especialy when people can't adapt to the new norms and a different culture they have live in. Adopting a different culture is not impossible but not easy at the same time. The majority of immigrants find it hard to keep pace with the society's styles and mode of living in the host nations. They encounter, more or less, new religion, different ways of dressing, food and poeple's likes and dislikes to name a few. These things oblige many immigrants to think seriously to return home.

Home sweet home. This is a proverb that most immigrants say most of the time when asked why they come back home. At one's country, there are beloved people with whom they can share the same traditions, same language and even the same problems, far from being dread of misunderstanding. Facing problems in the original country is better than facing them in a foriegn one and living in one's country is much better than being a forienger.

Indeed, working abroad can be a solution to several problems particularly financial ones, people face in their countries. Yet, the difficulty of copping with different ways of living creats other problems. I believe that people should look for solutions to their financial troubles in their own countries.

ladib
start208   
Aug 8, 2011
Writing Feedback / IELTS: People's interaction and relationships vs technology [8]

In this day and age, science and technology has been undergone dramatic progress. And our lives has been changed greatly by highly developing techniques. In spite ofInstead of sitting around to discuss something, we would rather telecommunicate with each other. Whether this is a positive effect of technology to human' s life is a controversial issue. As far as I am concerned, there are both merits and demerits.

On one hand, it is undeniable that some negative effects has occurred in social life by technology. Recent years, increasing number of people select choosing communicating with others through computers or telephones . In this circumstances, they cannot so they can not feel eachother practically and cannot see the sensation from counterparts' eyes, cannot touch the skin through which they can get emotional supportment much better than a word, and they also cannot feel the changing emotion timely. As it is known to all, the high-tech products, such as, computer, telephone, emit radiation which is harmful to the users' health.

On the other hand, we cannot deny that there are many positive sides of communicating with others through high-tech products. It is much more efficient to touch ! each other by telephone rather than walking to see the one you wanted just for one word or one thing. Furthermore, there is no need for citizens to walk on the street, because most of the troubles can be settled through computers, such as, buying some clothes can come true just clicking the mouse by e-commerce. In this case, traffic burdern would be released somehow, and this also benefits the enviroment by less car exhaust. this should be rewritten.

To sum up, it is inevitable that life is changing greatly with the developing of technology especially the way people interacte with others. Although a host of harm has been caused by technology to man's life, there are much more affirmative influences. And I wish that there would be less bad effect of technology in the future.

ur essay is good but u can show more. good luck
ladib
start208   
Jul 23, 2011
Grammar, Usage / Communication in contexts. What does it mean? [15]

"Studies to obtain Master Degree in Communication in contexts" - Statement of Purpose.
I do develop this SOP from the one criswa1 has made in Apr 5, 11, 01:46am.
Please correct it to me and see if there are other things to add. thanks
Dear committee;
I am the type of individual who wishes to leave a lasting impression on everyone that I encounter.
Due to myself wishing to leave a lasting impression on everyone I meet, I decided to begin my career in the tourism sector. I got a Hotel management diplomat in L'INSTITUT SPECIALISE DE L'HOTELLERIE ET DE LA RESTAURATION AGADIR.I trained and worked for over two years in the domain of tourism. My experience in dealing with tourists makes me an open-minded, perceptive, and out-going individual. Over these years, I have worked multiple jobs in the tourism sector (restaurant, reception, and traveling agency) as well as pursued university education which has helped me shape into a better person as well as develop unique skills to assist me in the progression of my career life.

I got my license in 2010 from Ibn-zohr university in Agadir and I worked in Maria private school (Agadir), teaching middle school students. I feel with the compound knowledge that I have received from these institutions; I wish to begin my higher studies at university Moulay Ismail for Master Degree in Communication in Contexts.

With my Masters Degree in Communication in Contexts; I wish to be able to obtain skills in order to effectively communicate with individuals and groups and I will be a vital asset to any corporation I am employed underl. My ultimate goal is to gain communication skills necessary to let me succeed in my job as well as to be able to understand and react to different communications in different contexts.

I am eager to learn the skills necessary to further advance myself in my academic studies and my profession. With the academic guidance, convenience of classes, and various educational tools that the master you are launching offers; I feel that I can place myself in the exact career that I envision.
start208   
Jul 22, 2011
Writing Feedback / GLOBALIZATION: Differences between nations are becoming less and less evident. [29]

hi;
Again I like your writing ARness (Ajit Rai), and I agree with all the facts you stated. I didn't inted to write but when i came to the last line I just cn't let what you said (in a proud and prejudiced way) against middle east countries that follow ruthless core traditions over there. Do you mean their culture is inferior! or the religion they follow(Islam) is not true or do you mean their poverty caused by their governments which are pressered by USA ;;;?!

If it's the culture; you just recall tha advice u give earlier ( there's no good/bad culture)
If the other reasons, please try to enlightn us.
(by the way I live in North africa far from Middle east)
Many thanks.
start208   
Jul 21, 2011
Grammar, Usage / Communication in contexts. What does it mean? [15]

Great Ef-kevin thanks a lot about helping us here. I m really proud of being in this forum with u...
concerning: What is the name of the degree program you are entering?
It is a Master (third cycle) about communication in contexts. there aren't other information. they launch a notice like this : XXX university launch a new Master under the name: Communication in contexts next year. candidate shoud submit these requirements:

1-
2-
3-
4- A Statment of purpose.
5-
etc
please try to tell me what to mention in a SOP like this one.
thanks
start208   
Jul 21, 2011
Graduate / Personal Statement - for Occupational Therapy Masters Program [3]

hey sir,

Your introduction is so pertinent that it is precise, but to my mind, in order to let me help you, you should state if this introduction is meant for an interview or a written exam. All you should do now is to formulate the question .

Good luck
start208   
Jul 20, 2011
Writing Feedback / GLOBALIZATION: Differences between nations are becoming less and less evident. [29]

ALL what u said ARness (Ajit Rai) is true and I agree with it. Yet, a fact to consider is that the whole world is moving towards one single culture, modern culture, in which other cultures melt away. This one culture, despite seeing it as universal one,is in fact, western and most precisely AMERICAN culture.

Wait don't get me wrong. I have nothing against US but the fact is that the whole world is being under American pressures, in a way or other, to goes with the stream. American stream.

LADIB
start208   
Jul 20, 2011
Grammar, Usage / Communication in contexts. What does it mean? [15]

Thanks a lot Ef-kevin. I 'd like recieve an answer sooner.
please may you suggest to me a plan for a statment of purpose concerning this issue: I want to inroll in a Master concerning communication in contexts (they haven't specified!) and they want me to submit a statment of purpose.

may you inform me how to start and what to write:
i got BA in english and a diplomat in hotel managment plus experience in teaching primary levels.
Thanks indeed.
start208   
Jul 19, 2011
Writing Feedback / some important aspects of incorporating technology in education. [NEW]

Please read and correct to me.

Technology is an outcome of education and now education benefits lot from technology. New technological devices are very crucial in education because they facilitate the teaching learning process and promote the quality of education. Technology also lets students interested more in learning, making schools places where they want to be. The main aim behind this essay is casting light on the important aspects of incorporating technology in education.

There is no doubt that technology facilitates teachining and learning process and helps all the contributors to education. To start with students, technology enables them to enlarge their knowledge and do their homework and researchers in short time with less energy. By using the Internet for example, learners can have access to international forums where they can get help from international teachers and experts besides interacting with students overseas. Concerning educators, technology helps them plan and prepare their lessons by providing them with several sources of information and materials like pictures and videos. Moreover, teachers and administrators can easily contact parents by using emails and websites. Some parents don't have much time to go to school and see what is happening with their children. Yet, with the use of technology, they can usually contact the school and see their kids' grades via the Net.

The Internet and the other technological devices enhance learning and promote its quality. It helps in linking schools with their environment by making them focus on the requirements of the economical, social and political life and cope with the changes happening in the entire world. The use of technology permit schools to teach students how to use technological materials and benefit from the use of the machines like computers, robots by providing the classes with practical courses in laboratories and by offering real videos about the use of such machines. This way, learners sharpen their skills and get the notions about their future jobs. Experimental classes like these prepare students for their careers and make them eager to know more

Teaching and using technology in classes attracts learners' attention, letting them wanting to go to school to learn and discover more. Classes where students learn with the help of technology are much attracting than those in which students sit passively listening to teachers' lectures. Children have the opportunity to see different ways of using modern tools besides benefiting from worldwide experts who explain, via videos and the Internet, the use of technology; on the other hand, instructors benefit from the help of technological devices in introducing their lessons and their students' motivation which make them happy and like their jobs more. For both teachers and students implementing technology in education make school a place where they want to be.

Suffice it to say that the implementing of technology in education enables all the contributors in education to cooperate and get good results. However, there are still few bad effects of the incorporating technology in education like the rejection of books and being addicted to the Internet.

ladib
start208   
Jul 19, 2011
Grammar, Usage / Communication in contexts. What does it mean? [15]

Hello dear mirela mirela,
Thanks a lot about the sites u propose to me. they are very useful and it makes me happy that your help to me is fast and to the point.

Thanks indeed
start208   
Jul 18, 2011
Student Talk / Hi everyone! Welcome at EssayForum thread. [414]

hello fares, you are very welcome. I am Ismail from Morocco. I had my BA in EnglishLanguage and Literature and I am here to improve my English and friendship too. I m trying now to write an essay about the important aspects of incorporating technology in education ; your observations and corrections here are going to be a great help.

good luck.
start208   
Jul 17, 2011
Grammar, Usage / Communication in contexts. What does it mean? [15]

hello every one this thread is just to ask about what does COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXTS means?! there will be a MASTER about it and I want to know first some information about it before i determine to submit my file or not.

thanks lot for sparing time to read and feed me back.
start208   
Jul 17, 2011
Writing Feedback / Existence of the supernatural? Essay wrote on watching "The exorcism of Emily Rose" [12]

hello ajit rai;
I like the way you treat the topic. yet, in terms of ides you didn't mention the fact that people all over the world and through history stress the existance of spirits.

"God", yes almost every one believe in the existance of god( under many names ( Allah is one of them) and God himself, in all religions, says there are other creatures (spirits) who are different from human beings.

One more thing: Phenomenon= singular. Phenomena = plaural.

I like your style. please be kind to read and correct my two essays under (STAR 208)
start208   
Jul 17, 2011
Writing Feedback / Children should not sit quietly in their seats and learn in a rote manner. [4]

hope some one correct my two essays . Thanks indeed.

Children should not sit quietly in their seats and learn in a rote manner.

Many researches approved that the classical way of teaching is not fruitful because it makes students passive learners who can't contribute much to their societies and can't have a good critical thinking to enable them solve different problems. Sitting in classes quietly, memorizing what the teachers want you to acquire without personal intervene and critical discussion to enrich the knowledge with students' point of views is surely a failure way of teaching. The main goal of this essay is to show the weaknesses of this classical approach in schools and its negative results.

Making students passive learners by obliging them to listen and memorize the teacher knowledge without taking into account their perspectives leads to failure. Students need to be encouraged to discuss topics and criticize them to be active members in their societies afterwards. They should be taught how to deal with problems and be let to find solutions for themselves. The role of teachers should not be pouring knowledge in students' heads and feed children with solutions to some problems. They have to monitor students to have critical thinking and enable them to interact between themselves in classes and with their environment when they are out of school. If children are given the opportunity to express their point of views in classes and taught to be active in their societies the results will be positive.

Admittedly, effective teaching necessitates the respect of teachers. Yet, this does not mean student should sit quietly in their seats without doing any efforts to contribute to the lessons. By doing this, the lessons will be boring and pupils will fail in pursuing their studies. Effective teacher make their classes motivating and their students participate positively to construct the ideas and find solutions to problems faced. Teacher should also accept humor in classes to make children feel good and study happily. Teachers are not angels who never erred. Students should be allowed to interrupt and intervene in teachers speeches.

The content of curricula has an essential role in the success of educational processes. Student should take part in proposing what to study and in which conditions. If students merely sit quietly in their classes staring at teachers to feed them knowledge which sometimes does not fit their expectations, the process of teaching and learning fails. Whereas, lessons in which students take parts they certainly succeed and motivate students and push them to do better at schools. This helps instructors to know students expectations and facilitate to them planning, preparing and providing suitable knowledge.

No one can deny the fact that direct instruction is not helping students do good at school and strong personalities who can contribute to the world outside schools. The effective teachers must help children learning how to deal with real situations, solve problems, and have critical sense. Another factor that educators should take into consideration is students' diversity background and culture.
start208   
Jul 15, 2011
Writing Feedback / How to succeed in learning a foreign languge. [5]

How to succeed in learning a foreign language.

Learning a foreign language has many advantages that help in different aspects of life economically, culturally and socially. However, it's not easy to learn a language correctly and successfully without listening to songs, watching movies, reading newspapers, and writing essays. Here, we are going to see how studying a foreign language at school is not enough to master it.

To be fluent in a language means to master listening, reading, writing and speaking skills. The school can not generally offer good conditions to master these skills for many reasons among which there are time constraints and lack of equipments. Good listening skills are acquired by listening to native speakers on radios, TVs, songs and movies. This helps not only in the acquisition of good pronunciation but it also teaches the way native speakers express themselves by using different intonation which affects the meaning of speeches. Gestures and facial expressions are also important factors in communication and it is crucial for the learners of a foreign language to watch movies and see how native speakers interact in their daily dialogues, using different gestures and facial expressions to express different ideas and moods. By doing this, the learner enriches his knowledge about the language and masters it more than those who totally depend on their teachers at school.

At school, students read texts and discuss them. However, teachers can not find time for students to read individually and it is almost impossible for them to correct all their students' mistakes. Hence, learners must read much outside their classes. Reading books is necessary but reading newspapers has a special importance. Newspapers teach updating vocabulary and attracting expressions. Besides their primary goal which is spreading news, newspapers help much in learning languages by promoting students' vocabulary and grammar structures. In newspapers, there are always important topics concerning recent and different topics in different brilliant styles. All of this has a great positive impact on students' acquisition of a language.

Writing is usually a hard task for foreign language learners, because they rarely practice writing essays in those short moments supplied for writing in schedules. Educators teach students rules and help them to learn how to plan and organise their ideas in a good form. They correct some of the homework; yet, learners never have opportunities to write much in schools. Undoubtedly, writing skills mirror the level of every student in mastering a language because it is the outcome of vocabulary, grammar and structure knowledge. If your writing in a certain language is weak then you are not competent and you can not communicate easily using that language.

Communication is very important in our daily activities. We learn a foreign language to communicate and understand others. Speaking correctly and fluently is necessary to evaluate our competence in a foreign language. Hence, to master a language we have to practice speaking and give it much importance.

Lastly, to succeed in mastering a foreign language, one needs to work hard outside school with the help of mass media.

Ismail ladib
start208   
Jul 3, 2011
Book Reports / An analytical study to Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. [12]

3-Setting in Waiting for GodotThanks for reading and corrections
Beckett avoids entrapment in clock time and physical space by blurring specifics in the background of action. Beckett do so to pass the idea that both the time and the place where and when to meet Godot is uncertain.

The characters jump from present to past then to present again. The actions take place in very limited place next to the tree. The characters stick to that place and never want to move.

In waiting for Godot, there isn't the kind of time and place we know in our daily life. Waiting for Godot's characters have no clear history and there are few relations among them. the homeless people " have simply been thrown into a strange land without any preliminary explanation about their situation". They don't know where are they, where to go and what to do with their time.

3-1- Time

One scene is there to be seen throughout both acts. Two bumps are waiting in a country rooad, waiting for someone called Godot.
Beckett does not seem very much interested in either future or past. Time is meaningless to the author. Eugene finds out that " one of the seemingly most stable of the patterns that give shape to experience, and one of the most disturbing to see crumbe, is that of time"3 Past, prtesent and future seem to be the same for the major characters. For Vladimir and Estragon, there is no difference between first day (the first act) and the second because they are doing the same thing in both acts. (They are waiting). The second act ends exactly in the same way as the first.

Concerning the boy, he carries the same message in both acts. Lucky also is still living under the orders of his cruel master and still suffering. Time doesn't lead anywhere other than to the central awareness with which the play begins, "Nothing to be done" now and later. The time in Waiting for Godot is useless if not a source of troubles and pain.

Let us consider this sample scene in the second Act, when Vladimir tries to convince Pozzo that they meet yesterday.

Vladimir: And you are Pozzo?
Pozzo: Certainly I am Pozzo.
Vladimir: The same as yesterday?
Pozzo: Yesterday?
Vladimir: We met yesterday.(silence.)Do you not remember?
Pozzo: I don't remeber having met anyone yesterday. But tomorrow I won't remember having met anyone today. So don't count on me to enlighten you.5 Pozzo can not remember what happened yesterday and he is sure he will not remember what is happening now in the near future! This is very clear when he says, «Don't question me! The blind has no notion of time." He seems to be indifferent about the notion of time. He becomes angry with Vladimir and shouts at him: "When! When! One day, is that not enough for you, one day he went dumb, one day I went blind, one day we'll go deaf, one day we were born, one day we shall die, the same day, the same second, is that not enough for you?(calmer). They give birth astride of a grave, the light gleams an instant, then it's night once more."

4 - Webb, Eugene. The plays of samuel Beckett. Seattle: University of Washington Press,1972.p34-35

5( waitinf for Godot. Samuel, Beckett. New york;1954.)

Now it is obvious that the notion of time for Pozzo is very different from ours. For him, the present, past and the future are one. Day and night are different only in terms of colours and for him the action is more important than the time and place in which it takes place. ONE DAY for him is very enough to express time." One day conveys past, present and future".

3-2- Place

Beckett deals with the place in a similar method. Though the scenery of the play is very simple and isolated, consisting only of a tree and a bog, it is very complicated at the same time because the exact location is unknown.

The place is empty except from a tree and a bog. It has no historical relationships with any other place, people or events in this world. The road, next the tree where events take place, has no geographical name. Hence, it could be anywhere in this world.

As we have already mentioned, the second act is identical to the first. The same place, same objects (the boots and a hat) with a small change, the tree has few leaves on it. In fact, though the road and the tree express the idea that the characters are in an open space.

It is clear from what we have discussed that the place in Waiting for Godot is rather a closed space and the characters are prisoners there. Prisoners of themselves and more precisely jailed by the idea of waiting some one to come to free them from their invisible jail.

The fact that Vladimir and Estragon one day are waiting some one somewhere to save them can be seen as a "man's struggle to find a distant place or existence full of meaning and sense"

6 - orgonazations.onenta.edu/philosc/papers09/hotaling.pdf

For all the characters in the play the sense of time and place is unstable because of the interruption of another genre of time and place. Time as a unit that can not be divided in terms of years, hours and days and the same order that we live with in our world: Monday follows Sunday and after Tuesday there is Wednesday.

This is clear from Estragon's phylosophy when he asks insidiously: But what Saturday? And is it Saturday? Is it not rather Sunday? (Pause.) On Monday? (pause.) Or Friday?
start208   
Jul 3, 2011
Undergraduate / Issue of importance to you - help me for my admision [9]

If I were you, I will read about secondary education in my own country and start writing. In this forum every body is ready to correct and give advice. Especially GREAT friendly helpful EF_Kiven
start208   
Jun 26, 2011
Essays / Lazy societies always find to themselves excuses to do nothing!; What's CULTURE? [25]

The spread of the new technologies all over the worlds attracts the attention of researchers, especially with the split among religious group and preserved communities which range from accepting the use of it with conditions to those who totally oppose it for its harmful influence on their principles and culture. In Morocco, which comprises modest and fundamentalist Islamic groups, the division is very clear and easy to study. People in all groups accept the use of technology but in different ways. In this text, I am going to cast light on how Moroccans welcome technology and the different perspectives in Moroccan society.

In a country like Morocco it is hardly difficult to collect one single perspective of the community towards any issue, let alone the biggest ones like the acceptance of technology. Even though inside the same sects there are continuous discussions about accepting or refusing the invasion of modernity. Dealing with technology in our society is, in fact, dealing with three ideologies. The first represented by the fundamentalists, who regard modernity has a huge negative aspect on people faith and beliefs in God.; the second is represented by moderate people who are well educated and try to combine between technology and culture in their daily life and the last view says that technology must be spread progressively and should be encouraged in all the spheres because of its tremendous advantages.

Almost all Moroccans regard the use of technology as a sword with two sharp edges; however, some of them think its advantages outweigh its drawbacks and others think the opposite. Some welcome it for the numerous facilities it brings to our daily life and others argue that people should be aware of its negative aspects that tears culture and religion. The latter announce the total opposition to some technological devices like the Internet and highly advanced digital receivers and advice their followers not to use them. The third opinion illustrate the need of technology even on the behalf of culture. They think a culture and religion are no more than big hurdles stand in the way of development of countries and Human kind in general. These people call for the freedom of people to invent and use what they can for their advantages. The internet, a device that we can always mention when we talk about modern technology, is a helpful equipment for all people. Religious and preserved societies can use it to enhance religion and culture and it helps spreading it all over the world; and for non believers and "open minded" people, the Internet is a sphere where they can express their ideas and share them with others. Moreover, the Internet provides both categories with a good area of discussion and peaceful field of exchange of their beliefs.

From my own perspective, Morocco society is in need of advanced technology and a good understanding of its advantages. Morocco is a developing country and new technologies can enable the nation to accelerate the speed of development and enlarges the opportunities of Moroccans to live in a prosperous conditions.
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Jun 26, 2011
Book Reports / An analytical study to Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. [12]

be kind to read and correct . thanks
2- The characters and what they stand for.

" Characters studies has a great importance. It sheds light on the relationships of the literary characters and the texts in which they appear. This part of my project thus provides an analytical reading of the characters which is also an attempt to show the ability of Samuel Beckett in creating suitable ordinary people who fit in the situations they are created for.

Even though the possibility to divide the characters into passive and active ones, I prefer to study them individually because they all contribute in creating a kind of sorrows, suffering and waiting and forming the general idea of the play.

2-1- Godot

The name GODOT takes us immediately to religious field because it has a G-O-D in it. Consequently, from the beginning we see that Vladimir and Estragon are actually waiting the mercy of God.

In spite of being absent all the time, Godot remains the major character in the play. He represents hope for Vladimir and Estragon. Both of them believe that Godot will save them from their bitter life. Just as people think God will save them from the hell the day after, Vladimir and Estragon strongly believe Godot, who sounds like God, is able to save them from their present hell. However, Godot/ God never comes to save Man, represented by Vladimir and his friend. Godot never shows up during the whole play. He always sends his messengers to say he is not going to appear and the fact of waiting goes on and on and sorrows of human being carry on.

2-2-Vladimir

Unlike his friend, Vladimir is some how intellectual and enjoy discussing mental issues, referring sometimes to the Bible. He is looking forwards to make a sense of his. He is dealing philosophically and pragmatically with daily problems and usually has moments of lucidity in regard to his situation. He says: Was I sleeping while others suffered? Am I sleeping now? Tomorrow when I wake up, or think I do, what shall I say of today? That with Estragon my friend, at this place until the fall of night, I waited for Godot? That Godot passed...and he spoke to us? Probably. But in all that what truth will there be?"

Vladimir is there also as a sort of light and help to Estragon who once informed Vladimir is beaten, he replies that is because he has done something bad to deserve it. He said if he was there he could be able to prevent him from committing sins and saved him from dangers.

We can also claim that Vladimir is there representing Estragon's consciousness and without him Estragon can't wait for Godot. In fact, both Estragon and Vladimir depend on one another. This is obvious when they try to hang themselves but afraid one may die and leaves the other alone.

2-3- Estragon(here I am _ correction)

It is him who begins the playby saying" Nothing to be done."2 He is impatient and constantly wants to leave but he is restrained from leaving because he is in need of his friend. It is him who suggested to put an end to their lives.

Estragon is one of the protagonists. He is more passive and instinctive than Vladimir. He sleeps in a ditch where he is beaten each night. he has not got a good memory and he relies on his friend so much. yet, he has an insight into his miserable conditions in this world. After listening to Vladimir's comment about the uselessness of reason he says: "we are all born mad. Some remains so."2

2-Waiting for Godot. Beckett, Samuel. Newyork: Grove Weidenfeld, 1954.p 3
3-Ibid

2-4- Lucky

Lucky is Pozzo's slave; but look at the name "Lucky"! It is an ironic term. Is he really lucky as his name suggests? He is abused physically and verbally. He is tied to Pozzo via a rope around his nick and he carries Pozzo's bags. He is only permitted to speak twice during the first Act and appears as a mute during the second. However, it is also likely that Lucky is lucky compared to Vladimir and Estrago. Lucky is lucky because he doesn't have to worry about what to do and when. He has Pozzo to do that for him and even to think in his place. He is lucky because he is with Pozzo and Pozzo might be Godot whom people in the play waiting and looking for to save them.

Vladimir and Estragon are enslaved by themselves under the idea of waiting and abused more because they don't know what to do by themselves after all. Lucky however is fully aware of his position as a slave knowing exactly what he has to do.

The first time Lucky speaks, he produces a long speech full of incomplete sentences. But Beckett would not write that speech for no good reason. I think if we examine the speech we can see that it embodies the general purpose of the play as a whole. First of all, Lucky chooses to repeat the same phrases" for reasons unknown", "time will tell" and " what's more" to let us aware of the ideas of Time and the meaningless of life. (We will deal with these ideas in the following parts of this paper).

2-5-Pozzo
Who is Pozzo?

Pozzo is the master, Lucky's master. He stops and talk to Vladimir and Estragon in order to have some company and comfort. In the second act the reader is surprised to meet Pozzo blind and in need of help. He, like Estragon has a poor memory. He can not remember people whom he has met.

For many critics, Pozzo's transformation between the two acts represents the passage of time. For some critics Pozzo is Godot himself and it's only because he has a poor grasp of reality and memory, Pozzo fails , perhaps, to recognize Vladimir and Estragon as being the people he has to meet. This reinforces the view that claims that the tramps are waiting a false Godot who himself needs help.

Indeed, Pozzo is difficult to be recognised due to different reasons. Firstly he may be Godot himself as we have just discussed. This idea it is too much confusing because the boy claims Godot has a beard; yet, we can find some truth in it when we think that Godot is severe with the boy and his brother. He beats his brother and the boy is afraid of his muster and lies. In this particular point we can also think of Lucky as the boy's brother who is beaten.

If we suppose that Pozzo is Godot/God. Would he be tyrannical and cruel? If so, then he must be a very different from The God we imagine and too much different from the one Vladimir and Estragon expect to help them. Again if Pozzo is Godot/God his power wouldn't be limited and seek help himself. His memory is poor and he is helpless; he can not even stand without others' help. "I can not go long without the society of my likes", he says. Accordingly, Pozzo might be God, but if so, he is an imperfect one.
start208   
Jun 26, 2011
Essays / Lazy societies always find to themselves excuses to do nothing!; What's CULTURE? [25]

Hello every one Please correct this to me.

Technology and religious communities in Morocco.

The spread of the new technologies all over the worlds attracts the attention of researches, especially with the split among religious group and preserved communities which range from accepting the use of it with conditions to those who totally oppose it for its harmful influence on their principles and culture. In Morocco, which comprises modest and fundamentalist Islamic groups, the division is very clear and easy to study. People in all groups accept the use of technology but in different ways. In this text, I am going to cast light on how Moroccans welcome technology and the different perspectives in Moroccan society.
start208   
Jun 23, 2011
Essays / "To what extent and in what ways do you believe India can alleviate 'Brain Drain'? [16]

Ajit rai Gives u good advice. Follow them then u'll write a better essay. I like the idea that writing an essay is an art. I wish I can write essays easily. they are more than 60 per cent in the exams I am preparing.

Thanks ajit rai and you all.
One demand ajit and others : Would it be alright if u help me in my writing? may u be kind for correcting my essays soon.
start208   
Jun 20, 2011
Book Reports / An analytical study to Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. [12]

Please help.
The second act is almost the same as the first, there is no change except the tree that has sprouted few leaves. The remaining of the first act, Lucky's hat and Estragon's boots, are still on the stage. Vladimir appears singing untill Estragon angrily enters barefoot, complaining of Estragon being happy without him. They chat again waiting their saviour to come, confessing their need to each other. They are still in their misery of waiting when Pozzo and Lucky arrive again. This time, Pozzo is blind and helpless, and Lucky is mute.

A short speech between the four shows how Estragon has forgotten everything took place the day before, he has forgotten all about Pozzo and Lucky and even about himself. Vladimir, mistake Pozzo for Godot and tries to hide. The conversation then generates into abusive phrases. Esragon says," that's the idea, let's abuse each other". They insult one another but embrace each other at the end and wait again.

Pozzo is blind and Lucky is mute, they fall down and waiting for help. This raises a great question about how many people spend their lives in waiting and asked by Vladimir, answered by Estragon that they are so many. Even though Pozzo offers to pay for help by offering a hundred francs. They don't want to help because they are afraid to be alone again if Pozzo deserts them. When Pozzo stands up he demands who are they? And what time is it? Which shows his confusion about the notion of time. After a while the master and his servant leave.

Vladimir deduces that there is no general truth and that by tomorrow he will forget all about today. All the characters forget immediately what happen to them. Even the boy when he returns to announce that Godot will not come again claims that he is not the boy who came yesterday simply because he forgets every thing about it. Vladimir is a bit sure of the poor memory. He shouts, "you are sure you saw me, you want come and tell me tomorrow that you never saw me!"

Lastly Vladimir and Estragon remain on the stage, they want to leave but they can not since they are waiting for Godot. They contemplate hanging themselves; yet, they fail all the time.

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